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  1. Home/
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  4. 2024/
  5. May

Kh Donshu Chothe vs. State of Manipur and 3 Ors

Decided on 29 May 2024• Citation: WP(C)/731/2019• High Court of Manipur
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 LAISHRA                                                                          
         Digitally signed                                                         
         by LAISHRAM                                                              
 M                                                                                
         DHAKESHORI                                                               
 DHAKESH DEVI                                                                     
         Date: 2024.06.03                                                         
 ORI DEVI                                                                         
         12:45:48 +05'30'                                                         
                      IN THE HIGH  COURT  OF  MANIPUR   : AT IMPHAL               
                                 W.P.(C) No. 731 of 2019                          
                      1. Mr.Kh. Donshu   Chothe, aged about 60 years,             
                         S/o (Late) Kh.Thambou Chothe, resident of Purum          
                         Chungbam,   P.O., P.S. &  District  Chandel,             
                                                          –                       
                         Manipur.                                                 
                      2. Mr. KL. Angshung  Anal, aged about 60 years,             
                         S/o  (Late) KL.  Khelcho  Anal,  resident of             
                         Phungchong,  P.O., P.S. &  District Chandel,             
                                                            –                     
                         Manipur.                                                 
                                                                /s                
                                                    …  Petitioner                 
                                         -Versus-                                 
                    1. The  State  of  Manipur,  represented by   the             
                       Commissioner/Secretary (PHED), Government   of             
                       Manipur, P.O. and P.S. Imphal, Imphal West District,       
                       Manipur, Secretariat South Block-795001.                   
                    2. The  Chief Engineer, Public Health Engineering             
                       Department (P.H.E.D), Govt. of  Manipur, P.O.-             
                       Imphal, P.S.-City Police, Imphal West District, P.W.D.     
                       Complex at Khuyathong, Manipur-795001.                     
                    3. The Principal Secretary (Finance,), Govt. of Manipur,      
                       P.O. & P.S.                                                
                                 – Imphal, Chief Minister‟s Secretariat at        
                       Babupara, Imphal West District, Manipur-795001.            
                    4. The Joint Secretary/Under Secretary (Pension Cell),        
                       Department of Personnel, Govt. of Manipur, P.O. &          
                       P.S. Imphal, Imphal West District, Manipur-795001          
                       (Secretariat North Block).                                 
                                                                  /s              
                                                    …  Respondent                 
                  WP(C) No. 731 of 2019                            Page 1         

                                      B  E F O  R  E                              
                     HON’BLE  MR. JUSTICE  AHANTHEM    BIMOL  SINGH               
                    For the petitioner      Mr.Ch. Robinchandra, Advocate         
                    For the respondents     Mr. Th. Vashum, Government Advocate   
                                         ∷                                        
                    Date of Hearing         26-02-2024                            
                                         ∷                                        
                    Date of Judgment &      29-05-2024                            
                                         ∷                                        
                    Order                                                         
                                         ∷                                        
                                   JUDGMENT   & ORDER                             
                            Heard  Mr.Ch. Robinchandara, learned  counsel         
                  appearing for the petitioners and Mr. Th. Vashum, learned       
                  Government Advocate appearing for the respondents.              
                  2]        The present writ petition had been filed with a       
                  prayer for directing the respondents to confirm the Work-       
                  charged services of the petitioners in terms of the guidelines as
                  contained in the Office Memorandum dated 22-01-2001 issued      
                  by the Finance Department, Government of Manipur, so as to      
                  enable the petitioners to avail pension and other retirement    
                  benefits as provided under the Terminal Benefits for Work       
                  Charged Staffs of PWD/IFCD/PHED/MI and Electricity (Manipur)    
                  Rules, 1978 (hereinafter referred to as Terminal Benefit Rules).
                  [3]       The case of the petitioners is that they were initially
                  engaged as Muster Roll workers in the capacity of Technical     
                  Jugali and Chowkidar respectively. The State Government         
                  framed a  policy regarding the service condition of the         
                  Casual/Muster Roll workers and Work charged staffs of the       
                  Engineering Departments and published the same on 16-04-        
                  WP(C) No. 731 of 2019                            Page 2         

                  1997. Under the said policy, casual and muster roll workers     
                  who have completed 10(ten) years service as on 16-04-1997       
                                                ‟                                 
                  shall be converted into Work Charged establishments and those   
                  Work Charged employees who  have completed 10(ten) years        
                  as on 16-04-1997 shall be converted to regular employees.       
                  Pursuant to the said policy, altogether 888 Muster Roll workers 
                  in the PHED  including the present petitioners who have         
                  completed 10(ten) years continuous service as Muster Roll       
                  workers were converted to Work Charged Establishment with       
                  immediate effect by an order dated 11-01-1999 issued by the     
                  Chief Engineer (Rural), PHED,  Manipur. After the  said         
                  conversion, the petitioners rendered their services as Work     
                  Charged Technical Jugali and Chowkidar respectively in the      
                  PHED for more than 20 (twenty) years till they retired from     
                  service on attaining the age of superannuation w.e.f. 28-02-    
                  2019 and 31-03-2019 respectively. After their retirement from   
                  service, the petitioners submitted representation dated 17-05-  
                  2019 to the Chief Engineers, PHED, Government of Manipur        
                  requesting to grant their pension as provided under the         
                  Terminal Benefits Rule, however the  said representation        
                  remains pending without any consideration by the authorities.   
                  [4]       Under Rule 6(i)(a) of the Terminal Benefits Rule, it  
                  is provided that the permanent Work Charged staffs will be      
                  entitled to get pension only calculated under the Central Civil 
                  Service Regulation under Article 474 of the Government of       
                  India if the permanent Work Charged employee who retired at     
                  the age of 55 years and at least 30 years service to his credit.
                                                      ‟                           
                  WP(C) No. 731 of 2019                            Page 3         

                  By an order dated 24-05-1982 issued by the Secretary, Works     
                  Department, the aforesaid Rule 6(i)(a) of the Terminal Benefits 
                  Rules were  amended   and  as per  the amended   Rules,         
                  permanent Work Charged staff will be entitled to get pension    
                  only calculated under the Manipur Civil Services (Pension)      
                  Rules, 1977 and amended from time to time if the permanent      
                  Work Charged employee who retire at the age of 55 years and     
                  at least                                                        
                        30 years‟ service to his credit.                          
                  [5]       It is also the case of the petitioners that under the 
                  Office Memorandum dated 22-01-2001 issued by the Secretary,     
                  Finance Department (Pay Implementation Cell), Government of     
                  Manipur containing guidelines for confirmation of Work Charged  
                  employees, it is inter alia provided that                       
                                                   –                              
                           (i) Confirmation of Work Charged employees should be   
                           made against the permanent posts in the Work Charged   
                           establishment.                                         
                           (ii) Confirmation of Work Charged employees may be made
                                                                    Work          
                           only when they have put in 10 years‟ service as        
                           Charged with the effect of confirmation from the date, they
                           have completed 5 years‟ service in the Work Charged    
                           establishment.                                         
                           (iii) No, confirmation of those Work Charged employees 
                           who have been brought to the regular establishment, with
                           retrospective effect, should be made.                  
                  [6]       According to  the  petitioners, as they have          
                  completed more than 20(twenty) years‟ service in the Work       
                  Charged establishment, they are entitled to get confirmation of 
                  their services with effect from the date they have completed 5  
                                                    ablishment in terms of        
                  years‟ service in the Work Charged est                          
                  WP(C) No. 731 of 2019                            Page 4         

                  the aforesaid Office Memorandum, However, only because of       
                  the negligence and failure on the part of the authorities to    
                  consider their cases for such confirmation, the petitioners have
                  been deprived of their services being confirmed as provided     
                  under the aforesaid memorandum, thereby resulting in non        
                  payment of their entitled pensionary benefits as provided under 
                  Terminal Benefits Rule.                                         
                  [7]       The further case of the petitioners is that in Rule   
                  No. 5 of the Terminal Benefits Rule, it is mentioned that at the
                  time of publication of the Terminal Benefits Rule, there are 413
                  permanent Work Charged posts in the PWD, IFCD, PHED,MI,         
                  Electricity Department and that some more permanent posts at    
                  various departments are to be created for confirmation of Work  
                  Charged employees and that by an order dated 10-03-1988,        
                  issued by the Chief Engineer (PHED), Manipur, altogether 57     
                  different permanent Work Charged posts, including 16 posts of   
                  Technical Jugali and 5 posts of Chowkidar were created. In      
                  view of the above, the stand taken by the respondents that the  
                  Work  Charged  services of the petitioners could not be         
                  confirmed as there is no permanent posts in the PHED is not     
                  tenable and deserves to be rejected.                            
                  [8]       It has been submitted on behalf of the petitioners    
                  that the issues raised in the present writ petition are squarely
                  covered by the judgment and order dated 10-08-2016 passed       
                  by this Court in WP' No. 639 of 2015, judgment and order        
                  dated 03-05-2023 passed by this Court and W.A. No. 48 of        
                  WP(C) No. 731 of 2019                            Page 5         

                  2018 and judgment and order dated 12-08-2010 passed by the      
                         Gauhati High Court, Imphal Bench in WA No. 29 of         
                  Hon‟ble                                                         
                  2009 and as such, the present writ petition can be allowed by   
                  granting similar reliefs as has been granted in the aforesaid   
                  judgments.                                                      
                  [9]     The stand taken by the respondents in their counter     
                  affidavit is that                                               
                               –                                                  
                          (i) There is no permanent Work Charged establishment post
                          in the PHED and as such, no confirmation can be made;   
                          (ii) Guidelines under para 2(3) of the Office Memorandum
                          dated  28-08-2007 prescribes that no retrospective      
                          confirmation shall be made after retirement or expiry of the
                          employee. Since both the petitioners have already retired
                          from service in the year 2019, their services cannot be 
                          confirmed now in view of the aforesaid guidelines under para
                          2(3) of the Office Memorandum dated 28-08-2007;         
                          (iii) Under Rule 6(i)(a) of the Terminal Benefits rules as
                          amended from time to time, only the permanent Work      
                          Charged employee who retired at the age of 55 years and at
                          least 30 years‟ service to his credit is entitled to avail pension.
                          Since, the petitioners are not confirmed or permanent Work
                          Charged employees, they are not entitled to get pension as
                          provided under the aforesaid amended rule 6(i)(a) of the
                          Terminal Benefits Rule.                                 
                  [10]      It has been submitted on behalf of the respondents    
                  that there is infirmity in the judgment relied on by the        
                  petitioners and that in the said judgment, some benefits have   
                  been given inadvertently or by mistake and as such, the         
                  petitioners are not entitled to get similar reliefs, inasmuch as, it
                  will amounts to perpetuate the same mistake. In support of the  
                  said contention, learned counsel for the respondents cited the  
                  WP(C) No. 731 of 2019                            Page 6         

                  case law reported in                                            
                                    2011 (3) SCC  436 ”State of Orissa &          
                 anr.  Vrs.- Mamata             wherein it has been held as       
                      –              Mohanty”                                     
                  under :                                                         
                               It is a settled legal proposition that Article 14 is not
                          “56.                                                    
                          meant to perpetuate illegality and it does not envisage 
                          negative equality. Thus, even if some other similarly situated
                          persons have been granted some benefit inadvertently or by
                          mistake, such order does not confer any legal right on the
                          petitioner to get the same relief.(Vide Chandigarh Admn. V.
                          Jagjit Singh, Yogesh Kumar v. Govt. of NCT of Delhi, Anand
                          Buttons Ltd. V. State of Haryana, K.K. Bhalla v. State of M.P.,
                          Krishan Bhatt v. State of J&K, Upendra Narayan Singh and
                          Union of Inai v. Kartick Chandra Mondal).               
                           57. This principle also applies to judicial pronouncements.
                          “                                                       
                          Once the court comes to the conclusion that a wrong order
                          has been passed, it becomes the solemn duty of the court to
                          rectify the mistake rather than perpetuate the same. While
                          dealing with a similar issue, this Court in Hotel Balaji v. State
                          of A.P. observed as under: (SCC p. 551, para 12)        
                                 12.... ...To perpetuate an error is no heroism. To
                                “    ’2.                                          
                                rectify it is the compulsion of judicial conscience. In
                                this, we derive comfort and strength from the wise
                                and inspiring words of Justice Bronson in Pierce v.
                                Delameter AT P. 18:                               
                                 a Judge ought to be wise enough to know that he is
                                “                                                 
                                fallible and, therefore, ever ready to learn: great and
                                honest enough to discard all mere pride of opinion and
                                follow truth wherever it may lead: and courageous 
                                enough to acknowledge his errors                  
                                                         ”.’*’’                   
                  [11]      In the present case, the Muster Roll service of the   
                  present petitioners were  converted to  Work   Charged          
                  Establishment by the order dated 11-01-1999 issued by the       
                  Chief Engineer (Rural) PHED, Manipur with immediate effect.     
                  After such conversion to Work Charged establishment, the        
                  petitioners rendered their services as a Work  Charged          
                  WP(C) No. 731 of 2019                            Page 7         

                  employee in the PHED for more than 20(twenty) years till they   
                  retired from  their service on  attaining the  age  of          
                  superannuation w.e.f. 28-02-2019 and 31-03-2019 respectively.   
                  The  guidelines contained in paragraph 4 of  the Office         
                  Memorandum  dated 22-01-2001 prescribes that confirmation of    
                  Work  Charged  employee  should  be  made  against the          
                  permanent posts in the Work Charged establishment and that      
                  confirmation of Work Charged employees may be made only         
                  when they have put in 10(ten) years‟ service as Work Charged    
                  with the effect of confirmation from the date, they have        
                  completed 5  (five) years service in the Work  Charged          
                                          ‟                                       
                  establishment.                                                  
                  [12]      On examination of the record, it is found that the    
                  petitioners have put in 10(ten) years‟ service as Work Charged  
                  employee in the year 2009, more than a decade before the        
                  date of their retirement, and as such, this Court is of the     
                  considered view that the petitioners were entitled to have their
                  cases considered by the authorities for confirmation of their   
                  Work  Charged services in terms of the  aforesaid Office        
                  Memorandum  dated 22-01-2001 well before their retirement.      
                  Only because of the failure or negligence on the part of the    
                  concerned authorities, the petitioners have been deprived of    
                  their Work Charged services being confirmed as provided under   
                  the said Office Memorandum dated 22-01-2001 and they have       
                  been made to suffer on account of the failure and negligence    
                  on the part of the respondents and for no fault on their part.  
                  WP(C) No. 731 of 2019                            Page 8         

                  [13]      With regard to  the first stand taken by the          
                  respondents, it is to be pointed out that such stand of the     
                  respondents is contrary to the materials available on record. As
                  submitted by the petitioners, 412 permanent Work Charged        
                  posts in the  Engineering Departments  of  the Manipur          
                  Government were available at the time of publication of the     
                  Terminal Benefits Rule and such factum is clearly mentioned at  
                  Rule 5 of the said Terminal Benefits Rule. In the said Rule 5, it
                  is also mentioned that some more permanent posts at various     
                  departments are to be  created for confirmation of Work         
                  Charged staffs. Moreover by an order dated 10-03-1988 issued    
                  by the Chief Engineer (PHED), Manipur, altogether 57 various    
                  categories of permanent Work Charged posts, including 16        
                  posts of Technical Jugali and 5 posts of Chowkidar were         
                  created. In view of such undisputed factual positions, this Court
                  is not inclined to accept the bold stand taken  by the          
                  respondents that the Work Charged services of the petitioners   
                  cannot be confirmed as there is no permanent post in the        
                  PHED.                                                           
                  [14]      With regard to the second stand taken by the          
                  respondents, it is to be  pointed  out that  the Office         
                  Memorandum   dated  28-08-2007 containing guidelines for        
                  confirmation of Work Charged employees and relied on by the     
                  respondents was given immediate effect, i.e., w.e.f. 28-08-     
                  2007. In my considered view, the said Office Memorandum         
                  having no retrospective effect cannot be made applicable in the 
                  case of the present petitioners, who are entitled to have their 
                  WP(C) No. 731 of 2019                            Page 9         

                  cases considered for confirmation of their Work Charged         
                  services under the Office Memorandum dated 22-01-2001 and       
                  before the publication of the aforesaid subsequent Office       
                  Memorandum  dated 28-08-2007. In such view of the matter,       
                  this Court is of the considered view that there is no force or  
                  merit in the second stand taken by the respondents. Guidelines  
                  contained in para 2(3) of the Office Memorandum dated 28-08-    
                  2007 cannot stand in the way or deprived the petitioners of     
                  their valuable rights to have their cases considered for        
                  confirmation of their Work Charged services as provided under   
                  the Office Memorandum dated 22-01-2001 specially when large     
                  number of Work  Charged staffs/employees similarly situated     
                  with the petitioners have been given the benefit of confirmation
                  under the said Office Memorandum.                               
                                           rd                                     
                  [15]      In so far as the 3 stand taken by the respondents     
                  is concerned, this Court is of the considered view that the issue
                  raised by the respondents is no longer res integra. The issue as
                  to whether the Work  Charged  employee, who  is not yet         
                  confirmed or made permanent, is entitled to get pension or not  
                  under the Terminal Benefits rule had been already considered    
                  and decided by the judgment and  order dated 12-08-2010         
                  passed by a Division Bench of the Gauhati High Court, Imphal    
                  Bench in WA No. 29 of 2009. The said writ appeal was filed by   
                  the State of Manipur challenging the judgment and order dated   
                  20-11-2007 passed by the learned Single Bench in WP(C)No.       
                  899 of 2006 extending the benefit of family pension to the      
                  WP(C) No. 731 of 2019                           Page 10         

                  widow of the Work Charged employee whose service was yet to     
                  be confirmed.                                                   
                  [16]      In the said judgment and order, it has been held,     
                  inter alia, that confirmation of service and/or permanency in   
                  service by issuance of specific order is always an uncertainty  
                  and that in normal circumstances, employee after rendering a    
                  particular length of service is entitled to get his service     
                  confirmed or made permanent. It has further been held that for  
                  availing pension/family pension, if confirmation of service is  
                  required, the authorities may do so by passing appropriate      
                  order and thereafter, the Division Bench dismissed the writ     
                  appeal and refused to interfere with the impugned judgment      
                  and order passed by the learned Single Judge. The relevant      
                  portion of the aforesaid judgment and order are reproduced      
                  herein for ready reference :-                                   
                             . Rule 6B which has been quoted above having not made
                          “10                                                     
                          any distinction between confirmed and permanent work-   
                          charged employees and those who are not confirmed work- 
                          charge employees, we are of the considered opinion that 
                          upon a reference to some other provisions, the expression
                          „confirmation and permanent‟ cannot be brought into the said
                          provisions. Be that as it may, on perusal of the chart which
                          forms part of the Division Bench judgment what we find is
                          that, there are many work-charged employees whose services
                          were confirmed retrospectively. In many cases, work-charged
                          employees were confirmed after their expiry. Thus, it cannot
                          be said that the benefits to which the families of the said
                          work-charged employees were provided by way of family   
                          pension would require confirmation of service of the deceased
                          husband of the petitioner for said benefits to the petitioner. If
                          for family pension to the petitioner confirmation of her
                          husband‟s service is required, the authority may do so by
                  WP(C) No. 731 of 2019                           Page 11         

                          passing appropriate order as was done in case of the persons
                          which we find mention in the Division Bench judgment.   
                           11. Needless to say confirmation of service and/or     
                          “                                                       
                          permanency in service by issuance of specific order is always
                          an uncertainty. In the normal circumstances, an employee
                          after rendering a particular length of service is entitled to get
                          his service confirmed or permanent. In the instant case,
                          husband of the petitioner rendered sufficient length of service
                          so as to earn confirmation. The chart which formed part of
                          the Division Bench judgment shows that a work-charged   
                          employee who was appointed on 03-08-1979 was confirmed  
                          w.e.f. 01-03-1986. Likewise, another employee who was   
                          appointed on 21-03-1978 was confirmed by order dated 25-
                          02-1992 w.e.f. 12-08-1996. Another employee who was     
                          appointed on 01-08-1959 was confirmed w.e.f. 05-03-1968 by
                          order dated 09-01-1974 after expiry on 15-08-1968. There is
                          another employee who was appointed on 28-03-1962 was    
                          confirmed on 06-03-1968 by order dated 09-01-1994 after his
                          expiry on 08-01-1983.                                   
                            2. Above being the position, we see no reason as to why
                          ”1                                                      
                          the petitioner who has filed the writ petition should be
                          deprived of similar treatment. Situated thus, we see no reason
                          to interfere with the impugned judgment and order passed by
                          the learned single Judge dated 20-11-2007 in WP(C) No. 899
                          of 2006.                                                
                                ”                                                 
                  [17]      The SLP being SLP C No. 218/2011  filed by the        
                  State of Manipur assailing the aforesaid judgment and order     
                  dated 12-08-2010 passed in WA No. 29 of 2009 had already        
                                             Aplex Court by an order dated        
                  been dismissed by the Hon‟ble                                   
                  17-01-2011 and as such, the matter has attained finality.       
                  [18]      In my  considered view,  the corollary of the         
                  aforesaid judgment and order dated 12-08-2010 passed in WA      
                  No. 29 of 2009 is that confirmation/permanency of the Work      
                  Charged service of an employee is not sine qua non for availing 
                  WP(C) No. 731 of 2019                           Page 12         

                  pension / family pension under the Terminal Benefits Rule if it 
                  is found that the Work Charged employee is entitled to get      
                  confirmation/permanency in terms of applicable guidelines and   
                  if the said employee is otherwise found to have rendered the    
                  qualifying service as prescribed under Rule 6 of the Terminal   
                  Benefits Rule.                                                  
                  [19]      I have also perused the judgment cited by the         
                                                                      ata         
                  learned Government  Advocate  in the case  of  “Mam             
                                  and this Court is of the view that the ratio    
                  Mohanty” (Supra)                                                
                  laid down  therein are not applicable in the facts and          
                  circumstances of the present case and that the said judgment    
                  is of no help to the respondents.                               
                  [20]      Taking  into   consideration the   fact  and          
                  circumstances of the present case and in view of the findings   
                  and reasons given therein above, this Court is of the considered
                  view that the petitioners are entitled to the relief sought for in
                  the present petition. In the result, the present petition is    
                  allowed. The respondents are directed to consider the cases of  
                  the petitioners for confirmation of their Work Charged service  
                  in terms of the Office Memorandum dated 22-01-2001 and to       
                  issue necessary orders for confirmation of their Work Charged   
                  services, if the same is considered necessary. The whole        
                  process should be completed within a period of 2(two) months    
                  from today. Thereafter the respondents are further directed to  
                  expedite the process for payment of the pension of the          
                  petitioners in terms of Rule 6 of the Terminal Benefits Rule as 
                  WP(C) No. 731 of 2019                           Page 13         

                  amended on 24-05-1982 as expeditiously as possible preferably   
                  within a period of 5(five) months from today.                   
                  [21]      With the aforesaid directions, the present writ       
                  petition is disposed of. There will be no order as to costs.    
                                                         JUDGE                    
                  FR/NFR                                                          
                  Dhakeshori                                                      
                  WP(C) No. 731 of 2019                           Page 14