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  5. April

Ram Dularey vs. State of U.p.

Decided on 30 April 2024• Citation: WRIC/3000005/1995• Allahabad High Court
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                                          Neutral Citation No. - 2024:AHC-LKO:33696
                             Court No. - 19                                       
                             Case :- WRIT - C No. - 3000005 of 1995               
                             Petitioner :- Ram Dularey                            
                             Respondent :- State of U.P.                          
                             Counsel for Petitioner :- Shyam Mohan,Manoj Kumar    
                             Gupta,R.K.Srivasta,Rajesh Kumar Shukla               
                             Counsel for Respondent :- C.S.C.                     
                             Hon'ble Subhash Vidyarthi,J.                         
                             Order on C.M. Application No.2242 of 2003:           
                             1. Heard.                                            
                             2. This is an application seeking substitution of sole petitioner
                             who died on 11.04.2023 and it is claimed that the right to sue
                             survives upon the heirs.                             
                             3. No objection has been filed against the application for
                             substitution.                                        
                             4. Accordingly, the application is allowed.          
                             5. The learned counsel for the petitioner may carry out
                             necessary corrections in the memo of writ petition forthwith.
                             Order on memo of petition:                           
                             6. Heard Sri Manoj Kumar Gupta, the learned counsel for the
                             petitioner, Sri S.K. Khare, the learned Standing Counsel
                             appearing on behalf of the State and perused the records.
                             7. The instant writ petition has been filed by the petitioner
                             under Article 226 of the Constitution of India seeking quashing
                             of the order dated 27.03.1989, passed by the Additional
                             Collector/Prescribed Authority (Ceiling), Barabanki in Case

                             No.3/28/5/22/9 year 1988-89, under Sections 11/17 of U.P.
                             Imposition of Ceiling on Land Holding Act. The petitioner has
                             also challenged an order dated 05.09.1994, passed by the
                             Additional Commissioner, Faizabad Division, Faizabad in
                             Appeal No.220/611, Barabanki under Section 13 of U.P.
                             Imposition of Ceiling on Land Holdings Act, which was filed
                             against the aforesaid order dated 27.03.1989, whereby the
                             Additional Commissioner has dismissed the appeal of the
                             petitioner along with several other connected appeals.
                             8. The facts in brief are that the proceedings under Section 10
                             (2) were initiated against Rani Drig Raj Kunwar and were
                             concluded by means of order dated 17.9.1962 declaring certain
                             land to be surplus. The said order became final and publication
                             in  this regard  was  also  made   on  5.9.1964.     
                             9. The petitioner claims to be occupant of a part of the said land
                             so declared surplus by means of the order by the Prescribed
                             Authority on 17.9.1962. He moved objections before the
                             Prescribed Authority stating that he was not given any
                             opportunity of hearing though he was an occupant of the land
                             declared surplus and accordingly prayed that the said order
                             dated 17.9.1962 be revisited and recalled and fresh order be
                             passed only after hearing him. The Prescribed Authority by
                             means of order dated 1.4.1976 rejected the objections of the
                             petitioner. The said objections came to be abated as per the
                             provisions contained under Section 14 (3) of the Act of 1960 in
                             terms  of   the   ordinance  dated   10.10.1975.     
                             10. The petitioner and some similarly situated persons had
                             challenged the said orders by filing writ petitions before this
                             Court, which were also dismissed on 14.4.1980. While 
                             dismissing the writ petitions this Court had observed that the

                             petitioners would, in any way, be allowed to file their objections
                             under Section 11 as per the amended ordinance dated  
                             10.10.1975. The petitioner preferred objections under Section
                             11 before the Prescribed Authority stating that he was in
                             possession of the land bearing old Plot No.1679/3-6-6 and Plot
                             No.168 Minz. area 2 bigha 18 biswa situated in Village
                             Tilokpur, Pargana Ram Nagar, Tehsil Fatehpur, District
                             Barabanki. It was stated that patta of the said land was given by
                             Raja Harnam Singh, the husband of Rani Drig Raj Kunwar and
                             on the basis of the possession after coming into force of
                             Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms Act had acquired rights
                             of the said land. It was further stated that Rani Drig Raj Kunwar
                             had filed a suit for eviction against the petitioners under Section
                             202 of U.P. Z.A. & L. R. Act on 14.5.1959 which was decreed
                             by a common   judgment and order dated 26.12.1962.   
                             11. Against the judgment and order dated 26.12.1962 ten
                             appeals were filed before the Commissioner, Lucknow  
                             including the appeal filed by the petitioner and the said appeals
                             were allowed on 14.7.1963 by Additional Commissioner,
                             Lucknow. The second appeal was also dismissed on 18.9.1964
                             by Board of Revenue and the rights of the petitioners were
                             upheld and the judgment attained finality. The petitioner and the
                             others who were bhumidhari tenants before abolition of
                             zamindari became sirdar after zamindari abolition and, as such,
                             they are independent tenure holders from the year 1958 onward.
                             12. It is in aforesaid circumstances that it has been submitted by
                             learned counsel for the petitioners that no notice or information
                             was given by the Ceiling Authority to the petitioners and the
                             other similarly situated persons, who are in possession of the

                             said land and even the suit under Section 202 had been
                             dismissed.                                           
                             13. Since the petitioner remained in continuous cultivatory
                             possession of the land in question much prior to abolition of
                             zamindari,he automatically became bhumidhar as per Section
                             204 and 210 of U.P. Z. A. & L. R. Act. With regard to
                             possession it has been submitted by learned counsel for the
                             petitioner that name of the petitioner found mention in khatauni
                             for the fasli year 1959 and even after the consolidation
                             proceedings were completed, name of the petitioner was duly
                             mutated in the revenue records. It is in aforesaid circumstances
                             that the petitioners had moved application under Section 11 of
                             the        Act          of         1960.             
                             14. The Prescribed Authority while considering the case of the
                             petitioner had formulated seven questions for determination.
                             One of the questions was as to whether the petitioner was
                             bhumidhar of the said land ? With regard to the said aspect he
                             had stated that the said land was initially recorded in the name
                             of Zamindar Raja Harnam Singh. It is stated that after death of
                             Raja Harnam Singh his wife Rani Drig Raj Kunwar had  
                             wrongfully got her name mutated in place of the petitioner. The
                             petitioner had submitted that he had received the said land by
                             way of patta from Raja Harnam Singh but he was unable to
                             produce the said patta before the Prescribed Authority. He
                             further considered the fact that benefit of the order passed in
                             suit filed by Rani Drig Raj Kunwar under Section 202 could be
                             given to the petitioners in as much as the suit was merely a suit
                             for eviction where Rani was unsuccessful and the suit was
                             dismissed. He did not rely upon the order passed in proceedings
                             under U.P. Z.A. & L.R. Act in as much as the said orders were

                             passed after the cut off date prescribed in the Act of 1960 and
                             hence declined to give any benefit of the case and accordingly
                             rejected the objections filed by the  petitioners.   
                             15. Being aggrieved by the said order of the Prescribed
                             Authority the petitioner preferred an appeal before the
                             Commissioner, Lucknow. The said appeal was also rejected by
                             the Commissioner, holding that the petitioners were unable to
                             demonstrate that he was the owner of the said land in as much
                             as his claim which was based on the patta given by Raja
                             Harnam Singh could not be produced either before the 
                             Prescribed Authority or before the appellate court and, hence, in
                             absence of such evidence he found that the appeal could not
                             succeed and accordingly upheld the findings recorded by the
                             Prescribed              Authority.                   
                             16. Learned counsel for the petitioners while assailing the
                             aforesaid orders has submitted that the petitioner is in
                             continuous possession since 1359 fasli till date. He submits that
                             merely the fact that Rani Drig Raj Kunwar had moved  
                             application for eviction is demonstrative of the fact that the
                             petitioner was in cultivatory possession of the said land. He
                             submits that the said suit was decreed and the appeal filed by
                             the petitioner was allowed and the suit was dismissed.
                             Subsequently his possession and rights over the said land were
                             duly recognized by the consolidation authorities who recorded
                             name of the petitioner on the said land. He submits that
                             litigation with regard to the said land was continuing since 1959
                             and culminated only on 10.09.1964 when the second appeal
                             was dismissed by the Board of Revenue. He further submits
                             that the authorities below have not correctly appreciated the
                             findings recorded in the said case and have not given any

                             benefit of the same to the petitioner and consequently erred. He
                             submits that even if the petitioner was unable to produce patta,
                             still the authorities should have considered the fact that he had
                             acquired rights over the said land on the basis of adverse
                             possession.                                          
                             17. Explanation II of Section 5 of the Act of 1960 is relevant in
                             this   regard   which    reads   as    under:-       
                             Explanation II — [ If on or before January 24, 1971, any land
                             was held by a person who continues to be in its actual
                             cultivatory possessions and the name of any other person is
                             entered in the annual register after the said date] either in
                             addition to or to the exclusion of the former and whether on the
                             basis of deed of transfer or license or on the basis of a decree,
                             it shall be presumed, unless the contrary is proved to the
                             satisfaction of the prescribed authority, that the first mentioned
                             person continues to hold the land and that it is so held by him
                             ostensibly in the name of the second mentioned person. ]
                             18. The learned counsel for the petitioner submits that
                             undisputedly possession of the petitioner on the said land was
                             continuing prior to the cutoff date i.e. 24.1.1971 and, hence, it is
                             to be presumed that the petitioner is the owners of the land until
                             any contrary evidence is produced. In the entire proceedings
                             there is no other person who claimed title adverse to the
                             petitioner and, hence, even as per the provisions contained in
                             Explanation II the Prescribed Authority should have issued
                             notice to the petitioners before proceeding to decide the said
                             case.                                                
                             19. Lastly, it was submitted that in the facts of the present case,
                             it was incumbent upon the Prescribed Authority to have

                             considered whether by the adverse possession rights over the
                             said land has been perfected by the petitioners or not?
                             20. Learned Standing counsel, on the other hand, has opposed
                             the writ petition. He submits that the Board of Revenue has
                             passed the order and dismissed the appeal filed by Rani Drig
                             Raj Kunwar only on 10.9.1964 which was after consolidation
                             proceedings had culminated and consequently the benefit of the
                             said order could not be given to the petitioner. He submits that
                             the petitioners had laid claim of ownership on the said land on
                             the basis of patta and he was not able to demonstrate their title
                             either before the Prescribed Authority or Additional 
                             Commissioner and accordingly submits that there is no
                             infirmity   in      both     the      orders.        
                             21. I have heard learned counsel for the parties and perused the
                             records.                                             
                             22. From the materials contained in the writ petition as well as
                             the orders of the authorities below it is clear that the petitioner
                             is in possession of the land bearing old Plot No.1679/3-6-6 and
                             Plot No.168 Minz. area 2 bigha 18 biswa situated in Village
                             Tilokpur, Pargana Ram Nagar, Tehsil Fatehpur, District
                             Barabanki. Civil suit was filed by Rani Drig Raj Kunwar for
                             eviction of the petitioner from the said land where she was
                             unsuccessful. However, she challenged the same before Board
                             of Revenue and even consolidation proceedings under the Act
                             of 1960 were commenced. The said orders of the Prescribed
                             Authority with regard to Rani Drig Raj Kunwar who was
                             original tenure holder became final by the order dated
                             17.9.1962 and publication was made on 5.9.1965. The  
                             petitioners was not aware of the said proceedings and it is only

                             after he moved application in consolidation proceedings and
                             only after interference of the High Court that he preferred his
                             objection under Section 11 before the Prescribed Authority.
                             23. The question which arises for consideration in the present
                             writ petitions is that as to whether the petitioner had sufficient
                             or any right on the said land which ought to have been
                             considered by the Prescribed Authority while concluding the
                             ceiling proceedings against Rani Drig Raj Kunwar. With regard
                             to possession and ownership of the said land it has been
                             submitted that the petitioner had been given patta by Raja
                             Harnam Singh. Undisputedly, the petitioner was in possession
                             of the said land and it is due to possession over the said land
                             that Rani Drig Raj Kunwar had filed suit under Section 202 of
                             U.P. Z.A. & L.R. Act where she was unsuccessful and the
                             proceedings were laid to rest by the order passed by the Board
                             of Revenue on 18.9.1964. The claim of the petitioner was duly
                             considered during the consolidation operations and record was
                             duly modified including his name on the land on which he
                             claims to be in possession. Once it has been shown that the
                             petitioner has succeeded in sustaining his objection in the suit
                             proceedings, it is clearly demonstrated that the petitioner was in
                             possession and with the knowledge of the person who was
                             claiming herself to be owner of the said land and consequently
                             he was in adverse possession of the said land. Once this fact is
                             demonstrated the Prescribed Authority was under duty to
                             consider the rights of the petitioners on the ground of adverse
                             possession and by not considering this, he has not exercised
                             jurisdiction vested in him and consequently the period during
                             which the petitioners were in possession of the said land cannot
                             be ignored. This should have been duly dealt with by the
                             Prescribed Authority. It is also without doubt that the

                             proceedings for eviction were commenced in 1959 which is
                             prior to coming into force of the Ceiling Act, 1960. The
                             proceedings were pending against the petitioner since much
                             before the cutoff date and the finding of the Prescribed
                             Authority that the benefit of the said proceedings cannot be
                             given to the petitioner as the proceedings had culminated after
                             the cut off date, is clearly arbitrary. The petitioner was a
                             defendant in the said suit and was able to demonstrate his
                             possession while Rani Drig Raj Kunwar was unable to establish
                             her title over the said land. Therefore, the Prescribed Authority
                             in the facts of the present case was bound to consider the rights
                             of the petitioner over the said land on the basis of possession. In
                             not doing so both the authorities below have acted arbitrarily
                             and consequentl the impugned orders are liable to be set aside.
                             24. Apart from that, in the present writ petitions interim order
                             was passed in 1995 in favour of the petitioners which is
                             continuing till date. Numerous other writ petitions filed by
                             similarly situate persons against the similar orders have been
                             allowed by means of a judgment and order dated 13.10.2023,
                             passed by a coordinate Bench of this court in a bunch of writ
                             petitions, leading writ petition being Writ-C No.3000009 of
                             1995.                                                
                             25. In order to meet the ends of justice as well as to provide
                             opportunity to the petitioner to lay their claim over the said land
                             the matter is remitted back to the Prescribed Authority for
                             reconsideration of the rights of the petitioners if it has perfected
                             on the basis of adverse possession. The issues which have been
                             considered by both the authorities below do not require any
                             interference as they have duly considered the same and we do
                             not find any infirmity or error in the orders except that they

                             have not considered the aspect of adverse possession and only
                             for this reason, the orders impugned are liable to be set aside.
                             Accordingly, the order dated 17.9.1962 and 27.3.1989 passed
                             by the Prescribed Authority, the order dated 5.9.1994 passed by
                             Commissioner, Faizabad Division, Faizabad and orders dated
                             30.12.1981 and 13.9.1994 under challenge in Writ C   
                             No.3000009   of    1995    are    set   aside.       
                             26. The matter is remitted back only for limited purposes to the
                             Prescribed Authority as stated above. The Prescribed Authority
                             is directed to conclude and pass necessary orders expeditiously,
                             say within a period of four months from the date a certified
                             copy  of   this order  is  placed  before  him.      
                             27. The petitioners undertake to participate in the proceedings
                             and submit all the documents in support of their submissions
                             within a period of one month from today before the Prescribed
                             Authority.                                           
                                                                allowed           
                             28. In light of the above, the writ petitions are .  
                             .                                                    
                                                           (Subhash Vidyarthi, J.)
                             Order Date :- 30.4.2024                              
                             Ram.                                                 
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    RRAAMM SSIINNGGHH                                                             
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